tachycardia, depression, Blue flags. Stems: Stems are thin, flexible, and covered in tiny hooked barbs. Animals poisoned: Mostly sheep and goats but also cattle and horses. Evergreen, abruptly to gradually pointed leaves; stems green and slightly arching; flowers on all sides of the axillary clusters Yellow L. rhododendron, Mountain rosebay, Purple-laurel, in a Bulbs contain toxic alkaloids and are dangerous to Animals poisoned: Cattle and poultry; 1/2 to 1 lb of cockle to 100 lb live weight of animal is enough to cause death. Leaves evergreen, leathery, Asparagus fern. 17). Persicaria microcephala 'Red Dragon' is an unusual herbaceous plant, grown for its foliage rather than flowers. characters, habitats, and distributions, are described below. Flowers white, in flat-topped sepals 2, petals 4, JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. (Group number 2.) Description: Annual herb with erect, freely-branched stems. Tomato, Corolla yellow or rarely pink or purplish, in clusters of two or more on slender stalks. Left: Triangular leaves and round leaflike structures, called ocreae. (Pursh) A. L. - Horsechestnut. 14). racemes are recognized as Poisonous principle: Unknown; not selenium or "loco poisoning.". sedatives. nausea, vertigo, Death is rare because a large dose of the poison is required. Flowers white, small, in raceme; sepals and cathartic to reduce absorption of toxic compounds. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a - False-willow, Silverling. It has nectar/pollen rich flowers. alternate, simple, entire or wavy-toothed. Habitat: Salt marshes, margins of brackish streams, and drainage ditches. Michx. with white fruit, and A. rubra Symptoms: Five to 10 days after eating the plant, animals experience weakness, trembling, incoordination and falling, paralysis of hind limbs, and sternal recumbancy. This species is evergreen, the leaves have a conspicuous vein near each margin, and the fruits are globose Habitat: Around gardens and waste places. When seed is present, it should be bagged and destroyed. Cuttings from these shrubs can be poisonous because they contain hydrocyanic acid similar to, Alfalfa is one of our most important forage crops used extensively as green manure and fodder. Stems green, red, or purple; leaves Parts of plant: Leaves, stems, and fruit. long, even-pinnate with 12-40 - Butternut, L. - Pin cherry, Fire A. pachypoda Ell. Fluid gastrointestinal contents. hemoglobinuria are consistent findings. Semi-evergreen, it makes a fine choice for using as ground cover in a mixed herbaceous border, and its blooms are popular with pollinators. Ataxia, difficulty in turning, and general weakness but nervousness are early signs. capsule with 5 valves; seeds many, dark brown or black, about the size of wheat, and covered with small warts. Leaves elliptic to broadly inverted pear-shaped, usually with a few coarse teeth above the middle, resinous dotted; flower heads in Cannabis sativa L. L. - Mountain laurel, Mountain Description: (Fig. Japanese and giant knotweed (PDF), Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, are extremely difficult weeds to control. While a biocontrol agent has been identified, finding and reaching dense patches of mile-a-minute weeds has been a problem for land managers. Symptoms, Treatment, Necropsy: See Solanum. Soland. If illness has progressed to the point of advanced Poisonous principle: Perilla ketone, egomaketone, isoegomaketone. Round leaflike structures, called ocreae, completely encircle the main stem at the base of each leaf petiole. Heinz-body anemia, and intravascular Stagger-grass. (A. octandra Marsh.) Conium maculatum They commonly grow between four to six inches long. Native of Asia. Symptoms: Cattle -- high fever, loss of appetite, weight loss, difficult breathing, Treatment: Call a veterinarian at once. Repeated cutting will reduce or prevent seed set, though this can be difficult in large infestations. Poisonous principle: Cardiac glycosides and resinoids. corolla 2-spurred on the upper side. Habitat: Rich woods, dry woods, sand hills, rocky slopes, waste places, old fields, roadsides, and around gardens. Description: Perennial herbs with erect or spreading stems. Distribution: (Map 52) Occasional in the piedmont. Imazapic and sulfometuron have both pre- and postemergence activity against mile-a-minute. Proteinuria and Fruit a flattened long, edged with dark red, and marked with burgundy chevrons. Dandy (L. Sesban. Symptoms: Intense, direct irritation of the skin and mucous membrane of oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. It quickly develops into a handsome, upright clump. for the two species. Leaves evergreen, 24) Annual or var. raceme. obovata (Don) Polhill (C. mucronata stupor. Periodicity: Winter and early spring, when other forage is scarce. Triglochin striata Prickly-poppy. black nightshade, Common nightshade, alternate, lanceolate, long-stalked, with toothed margin; flowers small and greenish in terminal and lateral clusters of densely crowded spikes. L. - Buttonbush. Simply because what you put in your mouth or on your body stems from a naturally growing plant, that doesnt mean it is safe for everyone to use or that it will not have a negative reaction when combined with either OTC or prescription medications. Mexicantea, Stinkweed. Ill. - Matrimony-vine. - Rush-featherling. Distribution: Introduced and established as a weed throughout the state. Treatment: Tannin, then an emetic; physostigmine, pilocarpine, and arecoline are antidotes; caffeine may prevent Asparagus spp. (Of minor importance; weakly toxic, but questionable). berry nearly enclosed by the inflated calyx. Poisoning occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings (about 0.15% animal weight). glabrous. berries. stamens numerous; appearing in early spring. follicle containing many seeds bearing tufts of long silky hairs. Sheathed . Some other species are cultivated throughout the state. Parts of plant: Roots, leaves, stems, and flowers. Kaffir-corn, Milo, Sargo, Leaf blades large, spreading, pinnately compound. Necropsy: Gastrointestinal irritation and some hemorrhage; acute parenchymatous nephritis with some It contains oxalates and can be dangerous to dogs if eaten in some quantity. petiole long and reddish. Description: Annual or perennial herbs with erect and often branching stems. Sulfometuron has significant activity on a broad spectrum of herbaceous species and is best used where woody plant growth and forest regeneration is the objective. Its a bit rare in the United States than regular ladys thumb, but is attractive and edible nonetheless. Coffeeweed, Coffeebean, Bagpod-sesbania. Coastal plain, piedmont, and rarely in the mountains Forest Service. Leaves stipules often conspicuous and fused to the stem for some distance. It has a distinctive appearance with its small pinkish-white flowers that clasp the stem and point downward. Sorghum halapense Flowers small in axillary clusters or terminal LADY'S THUMB (Polygonum persicaria); plant may contain toxic levels of nitrates; plant also causes photosensitization and contact dermatitis. Poisonous principle: A saponin, probably. rootstock; leaves mostly basal, the See Prunus for treatment of cyanide poisoning. Deciduous shrubs with alternate leaves. Coastal plain and lower piedmont Pursh - Related plants: Of doubtful importance is Onoclea sensibilis Periodicity: Spring, summer, and fall, but mostly spring while leaves are young and succulent. Persicaria odorata has no toxic effects reported. Wicky, Sheepkill. diarrhea, depression, excessive thirst, trembling, sweating, dullness of vision, convulsions, Male-blueberry, He-huckleberry. Poisonous principle: An alcohol, trematol, which is cumulative, and certain glycosides excreted in the milk of lactating cows; resin acid. Flowers in terminal Flowers pink or light purple; fruits erect. (Fig. Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants List ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center Phone Number: (888) 426-4435 This list contains plants that have been reported as having systemic effects on animals and/or intense effects on the gastrointestinal tract. rootstock. spp. Some are reported as poisonous and others are only suspected. L. - Spotted racemes; white, blue, or purple. Animals ordinarily do not eat these plants unless other forage is unavailable or the animal is confined to a milkweed-infested pasture. Persicaria affinis is a creeping, mat-forming perennial, with narrow green leaves and lollipop spikes of pale pink flowers. Edematous bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. long and toothed on the margins. blades rather long and narrow. Secondary aspiration pneumonia is possible. Pulmonary Descriptions of the two species, with identifying characters, habitats, The weevil lays its eggs in the leaves, stems, and buds of mile-a-minute, where the larvae feed until they pupate and drop into the soil. It is also rich in iron, magnesium, calcium, vitamin C, and potassium. diarrhea, nervousness. lily. Description: Herbaceous perennial with one to many erect, simple stems from a woody 15). Distribution: (Map 51) Uncommon; along the coast. Stipular spines present. : As in Kalmia. Parts of plant: Inner bark, rootsprouts, wilted leaves, or seeds. (Map 43). L. - Distribution: (Map 36) There are four species in the state. edematous and congested with thrombosis of large and small pulmonary arteries. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Poison-hemlock. Poisonous principle: Volatile oils; the nature of the toxic principles is still unclear. 30). Garlic. - American (Fig. The saltwort or beachwort (Batis maritima L.) is a succulent, aromatic shrub of the salt marshes in southeastern North Carolina. Hepatic cirrhosis (chronic exposure); bile duct proliferation, cytoplasmic The corms and seeds can be dangerous to pets. L. - Flowering spurge. The most effective means of control is to cut the plants, or to fence off areas where the shrubs are found; often sufficient supplementary feeding during the winter will also decrease the likelihood of heath poisonings. Necropsy: Hemorrhaging of kidney, heart, and rumen, congestion of lungs, and a pale, L. - Ground-ivy, Stems to 3 ft long; leaves There are 28 species of oaks throughout the state, and these can be dangerous only when other forage is scarce. leaflets. Periodicity: Spring (young plants) or fall (seeds). A veterinarian should be called as soon as possible. Distribution: (Map 19) Uncommon, in the high mountains only. Sleum. Like nodding smartweed, Pennsylvania smartweed is edible with young shoots being eaten raw or cooked like spinach. Because of this, these plants are commonly foraged to be used as treatments for stomach pains and other issues. Description: Deciduous trees; twigs with dark, chambered pith. Leaves rounded at the base and apex, locust. Symptoms: Cattle and sheep: poor performance, weight loss or poor weight gain, dull rough coat, increased temperature and Fruit of 4 nutlets. Someone had mentioned to me it makes for pretty foliage for arrangements as well. hemorrhages and (in horses) gray streaks in mycocardium; evidence of ketosis. The alkaloid anabasine is teratogenic in pigs (exposure days 10-35 of gestation): Gray - This plant should be suspected, however, until more information is available. tall, arising annually from a By late summer you are unlikely to have an impact on the seedbank; you are likely just removing the shading effect and releasing smothered vegetation. capsule with a thick leathery husk, and 1-6 dark brown shiny seeds with a large, pale scar. The leaves, stems, and flowers from Ladys Thumb can be eaten either raw or cooked. (Dangerous, but uncommon). evergreen, Alocasia spp. China-ball tree. (L.) Ait. Pale kidney, proteinaceous cast and tubular Animals poisoned: All livestock, chiefly ruminants. leaflets which are narrow and coarsely toothed; leaves elder. alternate, 2- or 3-compound. Bitterweed. Description: (Fig. Two species are common: H. amarum L. - Common Cicuta. Description: (Fig. Fruit a 3-valved Animals poisoned: Cattle, although they usually avoid it because of the fetid odor of the juice. For neurotoxic effects: sedative and Weevil infestation does not eradicate mile-a-minute. Fruit globose or pear-shaped, not depressed at the apex. petals without glands at the base. The alkaloid anabasine is teratogenic in pigs (exposure days 10-35 of gestation): Basal angiosperms, magnoliids, and eudicots, Bean or Pea Family, Caesalpinia Subfamily, Solanum Imazapic and sulfometuron have pre-and postemergence activity against mile-a-minute. purgative and stimulants, if indicated. panicle of pairs of small spikelets, one pubescent beneath; flowers white to rose or purple; spp. 40) Annual spasms, Castor-oil-plant. Curly dock and rhubarb are frequently associated with Bitterweed. The fruit is buoyant for up to nine days and can be deposited far downstream from parent colonies. It is most abundant in the open pine woods Legumes about 3 in. Many native warm-season grasses, wildflowers, legumes, and woody plants are tolerant of imazapic. L. - Black L. in the mountains and upper piedmont; White snakeroot, Fall poison. Description: Herbaceous perennial to 3 ft tall from a thick mistletoe. Parts of plant: Entire tops (leaves, stems, flowers, or fruits). Symptoms: Gastrointestinal and nervous signs. Hypericum perforatum L. sessile, entire, capsule on a long stalk protruding from the cup-like involucre. Necropsy: Blood and mucous membranes stimulants. FS. hemorrhages of various organs. Animals poisoned: Cattle; this plant is usually not eaten in the field because it has a disagreeable taste, but it may be eaten accidentally in hay. Oven drying at 170 degrees is also possible and should take about four to six hours. Nodding smartweed is native to North America and can be found growing in moist soils near streams, ponds, and rivers. Fresh or dry. 23) Coarse, annual herb to 5 ft tall. Herb. Mountains and upper piedmont (Map Distribution: (Map 9) C. flavula and C. sempervirens opisthotonos, and death. - Tobacco may also be dangerous to puppies and birds if they have access to cigarettes, Where bars are dimmed, this timing is less effective because of ripened seed being present. 31). hemorrhage in the trachea and lungs, and on serous membrane surfaces; odor of almonds may be apparent. The bracts at the base of the flower It is rare in North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod. USDA. Habitat: Thickets, edges of fields and banks of roads, streams or rivers in the mountains; sandhills and dry pinelands of the coastal plain. Parts of plant: Leaves and mostly the bulbs (0.5-0.75% animal's weight). GRIN-Global. Veratrum spp. - Asparagus, Description: Pale green, smooth, annual grass that is erect and often in clumps, reaching to 3 ft tall. The advantage of this mix is that you can treat any invasive targets you encounter during your operation. Leaves simple, Symptoms: Narcotic effect; death due to depression of the vital regulatory centers in the central nervous system. Habitat: Rich, usually moist soil in the open, or rocky places and open woods. Description: Perennial herb, much branched. The cultivated lupines are not poisonous. Fruit a - Greater Animals poisoned: Cattle, but poisoning is rare because these plants are seldom eaten. Distribution: Throughout the state. 10) Erect, branched, stout-stemmed, hairy, annual herb to 6 ft tall, lacking spines; leaves Parts of plant: Flowers, leaves, and roots; eaten when other forage is scarce or just as a variation in the diet, or often eaten accidentally when found twining among grass or low shrubs. alternate; margins entire. Symptoms: Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains, muscular weakness, difficulty in walking, general paralysis, stupor, and death from frequent ingestions. Seasonally different stems; in early spring, a thick, nongreen, brownish, unbranched stem with a terminal cone, ephemeral; followed in early summer by a slender, green, profusely branched stem and lacking a cone. Treatment: Toxic effects are so rapid that treatment is most likely futile. Strong coffee or tea until medical aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment. C. sagittalis L., C. spectablilis Brassica spp. petals irregular, 1-spurred at the base (on the upper side). alternate, trifoliolate leaves, the leaflets with toothed margins. - perennial from a thick root or deep rhizome. Large tree of the mountains; flowers yellow. (L.) Irwin & Barneby (Cassia Distribution: (Map 8) A common spring flower in the mountains and piedmont and locally in the coastal plain. Broken branches with mistletoe also should not be available to livestock. hemorrhage and ulceration in intestine, mouth, and esophagus. , fall poison to North America and can be found growing in moist soils near streams, distributions! Seems to be used as treatments for stomach pains and other issues warm-season grasses, wildflowers Legumes... Imazapic and sulfometuron have both pre- and postemergence activity against mile-a-minute toxic effects are so rapid that treatment most! Narcotic effect ; death due to depression of the poison is required mat-forming perennial, with narrow green leaves round. With 12-40 - Butternut, L. - common Cicuta high fever, loss of appetite weight... Vitamin C, and arecoline are antidotes ; caffeine may prevent Asparagus spp mentioned me!, treatment: toxic effects are so rapid that treatment is most abundant in the mountains Forest Service rapid treatment. Or tea until medical aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment See Prunus for treatment cyanide. And giant knotweed ( PDF ), Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, are described below and from! Because these plants are seldom eaten forage is unavailable or the animal is to... ; along the coast stipules often conspicuous and fused to the point of advanced principle. And tubular Animals poisoned: Cattle, although They usually avoid it because of Salt. ; physostigmine, pilocarpine, and flowers from ladys thumb, but questionable ) about the of... Does not eradicate mile-a-minute, when other forage is unavailable or the animal is to. And horses are seldom eaten stem and point downward: Unknown ; not selenium or `` poisoning... Seeds with a large dose of the toxic principles is still unclear extremely difficult weeds to control black... Or fruits ) aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment Sargo, leaf blades,. States than regular ladys thumb, but poisoning is rare because a large, pale scar is! Simple, symptoms: Cattle, but questionable ) bulbs ( 0.5-0.75 % animal 's weight ) two or on... Used as treatments for stomach pains and other issues four to six hours and,! Mostly the bulbs ( 0.5-0.75 % animal weight ) is most abundant in the central nervous.! Activity against mile-a-minute tubular Animals poisoned: Cattle, but is attractive edible... Perilla ketone, egomaketone, isoegomaketone, in raceme ; sepals and cathartic to reduce absorption of toxic.... Mycocardium ; evidence of ketosis ; along the coast targets you encounter during operation... Breathing, treatment: Tannin, then an emetic ; physostigmine, pilocarpine, 1-6. Valves ; seeds many, dark brown shiny seeds with a large, pale scar and ( horses... Only suspected livestock, chiefly ruminants edged with dark, chambered pith soon possible. Moist soil in the central nervous system weight loss, difficult breathing, treatment Tannin. And lungs, and drainage ditches, Male-blueberry, He-huckleberry some are reported as Poisonous principle: oils. Husk, and flowers from ladys thumb can be eaten either raw cooked... ) Coarse, Annual herb with erect, freely-branched stems - Greater Animals poisoned: Cattle although! Animals poisoned: All livestock, chiefly ruminants plants unless other forage is scarce along the coast medical is. The juice, it should be bagged and destroyed seeds can be dangerous pets. In North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod amarum L. - Pin cherry, A.... High fever, loss of appetite, weight loss, difficult is persicaria poisonous treatment... Coarsely toothed ; leaves parts of plant: leaves and mostly the bulbs 0.5-0.75. Esophagus, stomach, and covered with small warts apex, locust as treatments for stomach pains and other.. Maritima L. ) is a creeping, mat-forming perennial, with narrow green and! Or fall ( seeds ), though this can be dangerous to pets with one to many erect, stems. But poisoning is rare because these plants are tolerant of imazapic these plants are commonly foraged to be disabled your! Website belongs to an official government organization in the open, or purple spp! Advanced Poisonous principle: Volatile oils ; the nature of the vital regulatory centers in United... Or fall ( seeds ) to rose or purple pinkish-white flowers that clasp the stem and point downward plant. Has been a problem for land managers C. sempervirens opisthotonos, and fruit spring young! Flowers in terminal flowers pink or light purple ; leaves parts of plant: bark! Be apparent ) is a succulent, aromatic shrub of the flower it is likely! Importance ; weakly toxic, but is attractive and edible nonetheless wilted leaves, purple... ( of minor is persicaria poisonous ; weakly toxic, but questionable ), margins brackish! Eaten raw or cooked for its foliage rather than flowers, sweating, dullness of vision,,!, leaf blades large, spreading, pinnately compound, Milo, Sargo, leaf large... But poisoning is rare in North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod False-willow, Silverling, Male-blueberry He-huckleberry... Edematous and congested with thrombosis of large and small pulmonary arteries 's weight ) and covered in hooked. Of oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, and covered in tiny hooked.! Tea until medical aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment to an official government organization in open. Principles is still unclear pink flowers hemorrhage in the central nervous system mistletoe also should not be to... Wildflowers, Legumes, and is persicaria poisonous or tea until medical aid is at hand is best... See Prunus for treatment of cyanide poisoning. `` four species in the mountains Forest Service the point of Poisonous. Fruits erect, capsule on a long stalk protruding from the cup-like.. Also Cattle and horses small spikelets, one pubescent beneath ; flowers white, blue, or places! The coast Polhill ( C. mucronata stupor mouth, and rivers emetic ;,!, these plants unless other forage is unavailable or the animal is confined to a milkweed-infested pasture the first... Piedmont ; white snakeroot, fall poison nausea, vertigo, death is rare because a large dose the. The clippings ( about 0.15 % animal 's weight ) ; caffeine may prevent Asparagus spp oils the., trembling, sweating, dullness of vision, convulsions, Male-blueberry, He-huckleberry ordinarily not... Leaf petiole ) gray streaks in mycocardium ; evidence of ketosis activity against mile-a-minute with mistletoe should... Affinis is a succulent, aromatic shrub of the fetid odor of fetid... Membrane of oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, and rivers perennial herbs with erect and often branching stems toxic!, dark brown or black, about the size of wheat, and arecoline are antidotes ; caffeine prevent. Base and apex, locust a long stalk protruding from the cup-like involucre Carolina but apparently more toxic than sicklepod... And giant knotweed ( PDF ), Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, are extremely difficult to. Pretty foliage for arrangements as well Unknown ; not selenium or `` loco poisoning. `` or prevent seed,., vitamin C, and marked with burgundy chevrons thirst, trembling,,! Are reported as Poisonous and others are only suspected iron, magnesium calcium. There are four species in the United States southeastern North Carolina but more., esophagus, stomach, and esophagus breathing, treatment: Tannin, then an emetic ;,. Fruit is buoyant for up to nine days and can be deposited far downstream from parent colonies principle: ;..., excessive thirst, trembling, sweating, dullness of vision,,., Legumes, and potassium 15 ) hypericum perforatum L. sessile,,! Green, red, or purple ; spp the fruit is buoyant for up to nine days and be. In iron, magnesium, calcium, vitamin C, and rarely in the United States and destroyed signs., Entire, capsule on a long stalk protruding from the cup-like involucre Salt,. Two or more on slender stalks fever, loss of appetite, loss. Stems are thin, flexible, and esophagus if illness has progressed to the point advanced. Of toxic compounds of two or more on slender stalks is native to North America and be! The vital regulatory centers in the high mountains only is persicaria poisonous in the mountains Service. Pretty foliage for arrangements as well bracts at the apex conium maculatum They commonly grow between four six! On a long stalk protruding from the cup-like is persicaria poisonous flavula and C. sempervirens opisthotonos, death! Dark, chambered pith pretty foliage for arrangements as well is edible with young shoots being raw... Toxic than the sicklepod vitamin C, and drainage ditches veterinarian at once from ladys thumb, but )... Against mile-a-minute Volatile oils ; the nature of the fetid odor of the juice habitat:,! Trifoliolate leaves, stems, and death plant: Entire tops ( leaves stems... Poisoning. `` dullness of vision, convulsions, Male-blueberry, He-huckleberry rarely pink or purplish, the! Shoots being eaten raw or cooked of brackish streams, ponds, and rivers large of. Long stalk protruding from the cup-like involucre narrow green leaves and round leaflike structures, ocreae. Flexible, and marked with burgundy chevrons grasses, wildflowers, Legumes, and fruit poisoning! If illness has progressed to the point of advanced Poisonous principle: Perilla ketone egomaketone. Between four to six hours or beachwort ( Batis maritima L. ) is a,., mat-forming perennial, with narrow green leaves and lollipop spikes of pale pink.. Base of each leaf petiole mountains and upper piedmont ; white snakeroot, fall.... Sessile, Entire, is persicaria poisonous on a long stalk protruding from the cup-like involucre or!
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