By interfering with popular electoral rights the king and his ministers succeeded in assembling a servile diet in 1851, and this surrendered all the privileges gained since 1848. Politically it obeyed a Roman Catholic council, appointed by government. In turn, the colours of the scroll come from the black of the Württemberg antlers and the Swabian lions in the arms and from the red of the Swabian lions' right forepaws —barely visible on the arms— also according to Ströhl 1897 . Medal stamped with ‘K. Württemberg, like Bavaria, retained the control of its own postal and telegraph service on the foundation of the new German Empire in 1871. Discussions on the reform of the constitution continued, and the election of 1895 memorably returned a powerful party of democrats. From 1857 the Vereinsthaler was introduced alongside it, and from 1873 both were replaced by the Gold Mark. Württemberg was devastated in the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48) and fell prey to French invasions from 1688 until 1693 during the War of the Grand Alliance. The Kingdom claimed universal literacy (reading and writing) over the age of ten years. The previously high rate of emigration declined. Württemberg [ ˈvʏɐtɛmˌbeɐk ], formerly known as Wirtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia. To the treasury of the German Empire the Kingdom contributed 660,000 pounds sterling. See more ideas about german royal family, ludwigsburg, royal house. It was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which came into existence in 1495. In 1907 the Kingdom of Württemberg had 2,000 km (1,200 mi) of railways, of which all except 256 km (159 mi) belonged to the state. The greatest distance north-south was 225 km and the greatest east-west was 160 km. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/place/Wurttemberg. To these add wine (mostly of excellent quality) of an annual value of about one million pounds sterling, peas and beans, maize, fruit, (chiefly cherries and apples), beets and tobacco, and garden and dairy produce. Map of the Kingdom of Württemberg and Province of Hohenzollern in 1888. About one-third of the revenue derived from railways, forests and mines; about 1,400,000 pounds sterling from direct taxation; and the remainder from indirect taxes, the post-office and sundry items. Württembergische Geschichte im südwestdeutschen Raum, Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls, Wein.de (German Agricultural Society): Wuerttemberg, German Wine Institute: German Wine Statistics 2007-2008, https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Württemberg?oldid=756566, heads of noble families from the rank of count (Graf) upwards, representatives of territories (Standesherrschafien) which possessed votes in the old German Imperial Diet or in the local diet, members (not more than 6) nominated by the King, a representative of the Stuttgart University of Technology, 2 representatives of commerce and industry, 63 representatives from the administrative divisions (Oberamtsbezirke), 6 representatives from Stuttgart, elected by proportional representation, 6 representatives, one from each of the six chief provincial towns, 17 members elected by the two electoral divisions (Landeswahlkreise), elected by proportional representation, foreign affairs (with the royal household, railways, posts and telegraphs). The border had a total length of 1800 km. The salt industry came to prominence only at the beginning of the 19th century. She had also certain special privileges with regard to taxation and the army, and for the next ten years Württemberg's policy enthusiastically supported the new order. The constitution rested on a law of 1819, amended in 1868, in 1874, and again in 1906. Kingdom of Württemberg The Kingdom of Württemberg (Königreich Württemberg) was a German state that existed from 1805 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The Prussians occupied the northern part of Württemberg and negotiated a peace in August 1866; by this Württemberg paid an indemnity of 8,000,000 gulden, but she at once concluded a secret offensive and defensive treaty with her conqueror. The Kingdom of Württemberg lacked minerals of great industrial importance apart from salt and iron. Charles was succeeded in 1891 by his first cousin once removed, William II (reigned 1891–1918), under whom liberal political reforms were inaugurated and arts and drama flourished. Württemberg equivalent of Prussian Iron Cross 2nd class. 8.5% of the births occurred out of wedlock. The Württemberg wine region is centered on the valley of the Neckar and several of its tributaries, Rems, Enz, Kocher and Jagst. Under the terms of a military convention of November 25, 1870 the troops of Württemberg formed the XIII (Royal Württemberg) Corps of the Imperial German Army. Corrections? Württemberg, once a Duchy within the Holy Roman Empire, on 1 January 1806 Duke Frederick II assumed the title of king as King Frederick I, abrogated the constitution and united old and new Württemberg. It joined the Zollverein (Customs Union) with Prussia in 1834, but King Charles (1864–91) sided with Austria in the Seven Weeks’ War (1866) and was forced to pay an indemnity by the victorious Prussians. In 1871 Württemberg became a member of the new German Empire, but retained control of her own post office, telegraphs and railways. King William did proclaim a democratic constitution, but as soon as the movement had spent its force he dismissed the liberal ministers, and in October 1849 Schlayer and his associates returned to power. The iron industry, on the other hand, had great antiquity, but completely lacked coal mines within the Kingdom. Gymnasia an… Württemberg, former German state, successively a countship, a duchy, a kingdom, and a republic before its partition after World War II. Duke Ulrich, who became a vassal of the house of Habsburg in 1534, introduced Lutheranism into the duchy and confiscated church lands. The mean annual population increase from 1900 to 1905 amounted to 1.22%. Kingdom of Württemberg I - Jagstkreis (Map Guide to German Parish Registers, Volume 5) Paperback – January 1, 2004 by Kevan M Hansen (Author) This volume covers 2,227 places in Württemberg Jagstkreis. [4] Winemaking cooperatives are responsible for almost 75% of the region's production.[5]. The Wirtembergs (Württembergs), a local dynasty of counts established by the late 11th century, began from the mid-12th century to extend their control over large sections of Swabia. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which existed from 1495 to 1805. Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Arts and media Television. Today the region of Württemberg is a designation (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany,[3] separate from the wine region of Baden. The Kingdom possessed a bi-cameral legislature. Until 1873 the kingdom and some neighbouring states used the "Gulden" as currency. The Kingdom of Württemberg was part of the Confederation of the Rhine. Numerous schools and colleges existed for women. Kingdom of Wuerttemberg Königreich Württemberg: Confederation of the Rhine, First French Empire Rheinbund, Französisch Erstes Kaiserreich: 1815-1866: German Confederation Deutscher Bund: 1867-1870: North German Confederation Norddeutscher Bund: 1871-1918: German Empire Deutsches Reich: 1919-1933: Free People's State of Wuerttemberg Detailed information about the coin 1 Ducat, Friedrich I., Kingdom of Württemberg, with pictures and collection and swap management: mintage, descriptions, … Duke Eberhard Louis (reigned 1693–1733) improved the duchy’s defenses and schools, built the celebrated Ludwigsburg Palace, and admitted Waldensian refugees from France, who introduced the textile and other industries into the duchy. Omissions? For the last period of its separate existence, Württemberg was bounded northeast and east by Bavaria, southeast by Bavaria and Lake Constance (Bodensee), and southwest, west, and northwest by Baden, except where Hohenzollern (Prussian from 1849) was enclaved across the frontier in the south. The Board: <2 signatures> (this space) FOR USE BY THE SUPERVISORY BOARD: <1 signature> Reverse. [1] Before that the ruling house of Württemberg had been counts ruling a fragment of the Duchy of Swabia, which had dissolved after the death of Conradin in 1268. In the earlier Middle Ages, Württemberg was part of the region known as Swabia (q.v.). From 1815 to 1866 it was a member state of the German Confederation and from 1871 to 1918 it was a federal state in the German Empire. Württemberg. The state revenue for 1909–1910 comprised an estimated 4,840,520 pounds sterling, nearly balanced by expenditure. The Kingdom of Württemberg as it existed from the end of the Napoleonic Wars to the end of World War I. Story of Monarchy: The Kingdom of Württemberg The story of Wurttemberg has its roots in the Dark Ages when the Hohenstaufen counts of Swabia were succeeded by the family of Conrad von Beutelsbach who was the count of Wurttemberg and his family later adopted that name, the name of Conrad’s ancestral castle. Württemberg sided with Prussia in the Franco-German War (1870–71) and then joined the new German Empire. In the same year he laid before the representatives of his people the outline of a new constitution, but they rejected it, and in the midst of the commotion Frederick died, on 30 October 1816. The synod consisted of a representative council, including both lay and clerical members. 1865) of the Altshausen branch of the royal family. Of the expenditure, over 900,000 pounds sterling went towards public worship and education, and over 1,200,000 pounds sterling went in interest and repayment of the national debt. Prior to 1495, Württemberg was a County in the former Duchy of Swabia (Schwaben). …military principality (1309–1525); (3) Mergentheim. 1864 - 1891: Charles: 1871: Württemberg becomes a sub-kingdom in Prussia's German empire. As a constitutional monarchy, the Kingdom of Württemberg functioned as a member of the German Empire, with four votes in the then Federal Council (Bundesrat), and seventeen in the Reichstag (parliament). Coming up for auction is an original, silver Military Merit Medal, Kingdom of Württemberg 1892-1918, seldom sold at auction. The family steadily increased it’s holdings till by 1806 the country became a Kingdom. The judges of a special supreme court of justice, called the Staatsgerichtshof (which functioned as the guardian of the constitution), gained office partly through election by the chambers and partly through appointment by the King. The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg) was a state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located in present-day Baden-Württemberg, Germany. This constitution, with subsequent modifications, remained in force until 1918 (see Württemberg). Political unrest in Württemberg from 1815 until 1819 resulted in the issuance in 1819 of a constitution by King William I (reigned 1816–64), establishing a bicameral legislature. The Kingdom of Württemberg was a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia. Higher learning occurred at the university of Tübingen, in the Stuttgart University of Technology, the veterinary college at Stuttgart, the commercial college at Stuttgart, and the agricultural college of Hohenheim. King Charles and his ministers wished to strengthen the conservative element in the chambers, but the laws of 1874, 1876 and 1879 only effected slight reforms pending a more thorough settlement. This service award was instituted on July 19, 1913 by King Wilhelm II of Württemberg. Many important reforms, especially in the area of finance, ensued, but a proposal for a union of the railway system with that of the rest of Germany failed. Commerce centred on the cities of Stuttgart, Ulm, Heilbronn and Friedrichshafen. In 1909 the public debt amounted to 29,285,335 pounds sterling, of which more than 27,000,000 pounds sterling resulted from the costs of railway construction. At once the new king, William I (reigned 1816–1864) took up the constitutional question and after much discussion granted a new constitution in September 1819. The chief agricultural products were oats, spelt, rye, wheat, barley, and hops. King William had no sons, nor had his only Protestant kinsman, Duke Nicholas (1833–1903); consequently the succession would ultimately pass to a Roman Catholic branch of the family, and this prospect raised up certain difficulties about the relations between church and state. The Roman Catholic Church in the Kingdom answered to the bishop of Rottenburg, in the archdiocese of Freiburg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which came into existence in 1495. German Empire, Kingdom of Württemberg, Original Landwehr Long Service Medal 2nd Class, Model 1913. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Württemberg was an ally of France from 1802 to 1813 and was rewarded by Napoleon I with large grants of territory, including many Habsburg lands in Swabia and numerous free imperial cities and ecclesiastical territories. Extensive chemical works, potteries, cabinet-making workshops, sugar factories, breweries and distilleries operated. In July 1864 Charles I (1823–1891, reigned 1864–1891) succeeded his father William I as king and had almost at once to face considerable difficulties. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Baden-Württemberg was declared on 11 December 1920 as a political union between the restored monarchies of Baden and Württemberg, as well as the former Prussian Province of Hohenzollern. In the duel between Austria and Prussia for supremacy in Germany, William I had consistently taken the Austrian side, and this policy was equally acceptable to the new king and his advisers. The Kingdom of Portugal (Latin: Regnum Portugalliae, Portuguese: Reino de Portugal) was a monarchy on the Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic.It was in existence from 1139 until 1910. The border of the Kingdom of Württemberg, as defined in 1813, was situated between 47°34' and 49°35' North and 8°15' and 10°30' East. Württemberg, former German state, successively a countship, a duchy, a kingdom, and a republic before its partition after World War II. It moreover retained special rights over taxation and the armed forces. German Empire, Kingdom of Württemberg, Original Military Merit Medal in Silver, Model 1892 (Militär-Verdienstmedaille in Silber 1892). Members of both houses had to have reached twenty-five years of age. The consistory comprised a president, 9 councillors and 6 general superintendents or prelates from six principal towns. The Kingdom had fairly good quality roads; the oldest of them of Roman construction. The heir to the throne in 1910 was the Roman Catholic Duke Albert (b. A state-appointed council (Oberkirchenbehörde) regulated Württemberg's Judaism after 1828. After 1415, it was also known as the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves, and between 1815 and 1822, it was known as the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg) was a state in Germany that existed from 1805 to 1918, located in the area that is now Baden-Württemberg.The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which existed from 1495 to 1805. The manufacturing industries, assisted by the government, developed rapidly during the later years of the 19th century, notably metal-working, especially such branches of it as require exact and delicate workmanship. After reductions in taxation in 1889, the reform of the constitution became the question of the hour. The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg) was a German state that existed from 1805 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. By the time Württemberg was made a duchy in 1495, the Estates (representative assembly) had come to play an important role in its government. The kingdom had creative inventors; Gottlieb Daimler, the first car manufacturer, incorporated his business in 1900 as Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft, and its successor company Mercedes-Benz always had plants near Stuttgart. In 1815 the king joined the German Confederation, but the Congress of Vienna made no change to the extent of his lands. A king, during the reign of a male monarch; A queen regnant, during the reign of a female monarch; Taxonomy. It possessed rich meadowlands, cornfields, orchards, gardens, and hills covered with vines. After the Federal Republic of Germany was formed in 1949, these two states merged with Baden in 1952 to become the modern German state of Baden-Württemberg. Württembergers reared considerable numbers of cattle, sheep and pigs; and paid great attention to the breeding of horses. Its manufacturing industries were successfully developed—for machinery, motors, precision-engineering, textiles, watches and clocks, musical instruments, and book-production. With Hermann von Mittnacht as chief minister (from 1876 to 1900), Württemberg found a comfortable place in the new Germany, retaining its independence in internal administration, ecclesiastical affairs, and education and also in the management of the postal and railway services. A Government (Regierung) heads each of the four departments. Württemberg also had a school of viticulture. On 6 October 1891, King Charles died suddenly; his nephew William II (1848–1921, reigned 1891–1918) succeeded and continued the policy of his predecessor. It replaced the previous service award in the form of clasp. Albert Einstein was born in the Kingdom of Württemberg on 14 March 1879. He is considered to be founder of the Württemberg dynasty. Updates? After World War II, Württemberg was divided between the U.S. and French occupation zones. Stuttgart, once called the Leipzig of South Germany, boasted an extensive book trade. Originally part of the old Duchy of Swabia, its history can be summarized in the following periods: These were merged in 1952 to form Baden-Württemberg. In 1910, 506,061 persons worked in the agricultural sector, 432,114 in industrial occupations, and 100,109 in trade and commerce. Somewhat different varieties than other German wine regions in 2004 and has been to. The United Kingdom silver Military Merit Medal in silver, with subsequent modifications, remained in force until 1918 see... Regulated Württemberg 's Judaism after 1828 centre of liberalism in 19th-century Germany to your inbox in.. 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